Witam Posiadam w domu miernik GOERZ METRAWATT- MA 1H Chcę go sprzedać jednak przed chciałbym sprawdzić czy działa. Nie posiadam do niego kabli. Jak mam ustawić miernik, jakie kable dokupić żeby sprawdzić czy działa. Na czym mogę go sprawdzić O miernikach nie mam zielonego pojęcia http://obrazki.elektroda.pl/2213854200_1384167566_thumb.jpg http://obrazki.elektroda.pl/8024556800_1384167570_thumb.jpg http://obrazki.elektroda.pl/7610332400_1384167574_thumb.jpg Znalazłem instrukcję obsługi:
Operating Instructions
MA 1H
Analog Multimeter
3-348-322-02
6/12.98
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
7
1 Common connection for all measuring ranges (Instrument earth)
2 Connection for resistance measurement and
capacitance measurement (negative potential)
3 Connection for voltage range 1000 V
4 connection for all voltage and current ranges
(apart from the 1000 V ranges)
5 Catch for locking the rear of the apparatus
6 Range switch
7 Potentiometer knob
8 Set screw for mechanical zero setting of the pointer
2
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Contents
Page
1
Safety precautions ............................................................4
2
Application ........................................................................5
3
Description ........................................................................5
4
Operation ..........................................................................6
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.3.1
4.3.2
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
Controls .........................................................................................6
Starting the Instrument ....................................................................8
Voltage Measurement .....................................................................9
DC and AC Voltage up to 500 V .......................................................9
DC Voltages up to 1000 V .............................................................10
DC and AC current measurements up to 5 A ..................................10
Resistance measurement .............................................................12
Rough measurement of capacitance ..............................................14
Measurement of amplitude and attenuation ....................................15
Testing of diodes and transistors ...................................................16
5
Specifications .................................................................16
6
Maintenance ...................................................................19
6.1
6.2
Battery .........................................................................................19
Housing .......................................................................................19
7
Repair and Replacement Parts Service
DKD Calibration Lab and Rental Instrument Service .......20
8
Product Support ..............................................................20
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3
1
Safety precautions
The multimeter has been built in accordance with the safety requirements
of IEC 61010-1/EN 61010-1/VDE 0411-1. When used as prescribed, the
safety of the operator and of the apparatus are guaranteed. They are not
guaranteed if the apparatus is used incorrectly or carelessly. It is therefore
essential to read the present Operating Instructions carefully and in full,
and to observe all the points therein before using the multimeter.
The following general safety precautions are to be observed:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
4
The apparatus must only be used by persons who are in a position to
appreciate the danger of accidental contact and to take safety precautions.
There is a danger of shock in every case when there is a likelihood of
voltages in excess of 50 V against earth.
When measurements are being taken during which there is a risk of
shock, no work must be effected alone. A second person is to be
informed.
Allowances must be made for the possibility that equipment being
measured (e.g. defective appliances) can give rise to the presence of
unexpected voltages; capacitors, for example, may be dangerously
charged!
The test leads must not be damaged, e.g. tears or broken areas.
No measurements are to be taken using the multimeter in circuits
with corona discharge (high voltage!).
Particular caution is recommended when measuring HF circuits. Dangerous undulating voltages rnay be present.
Measurements should not be effected in damp ambient conditions.
Hands, shoes, floor and working area must be dry.
It is absolutely essential to ensure that the measuring ranges are not
excessively overloaded; cf. table entitled " Overload Capacity " in
chapter 5. Connection of a current, low voltage or resistance measurement range to the 220 V mains, for example, would result in the
immediate destruction of the apparatus. The operator would be in the
greatest danger!
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Meaning of symbols on the device
!
Warning concerning a point of danger
(Attention: observe documentation)
Continuous, doubled or reinforced insulation
Indicates EU conformity
Earth
2
Application
The a multimeter for voltage, current and resistance measurements and
for the rough measurement of capacitance. It is suitable for universal use
in electronics, radio and television technology and digital technology and
can be used for many measuring tasks in the field of general electrical
technology. The meter is used chiefly by the handyman and in the fields of
servicing, training and further training.
3
Description
The multimeter has 36 measuring ranges for direct and alternating voltage, direct and alternating current and resistance. Capacitance values can
be ascertained by rough measurements.
A mirror is placed behind the scale for accurate reading of the measured
values. The pivots of the measuring element and the measuring range
switch are located in line one above the other, so that it is also possible to
provide long scales for the Ω and dB measurements. The robust plastics
case and the core-magnet moving-coil measuring element with its sprung
jewel bearings protect the meter against damage when subjected to
rough mechanical stress.
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5
The connection sockets are protected against accidental contact. Both
the special instrument leads with shock protection KS 17) and all measuring leads with conventional banana plugs (4 mm diameter) can be
plugged in. The unit is constructed for easy maintenance. Subject to
safety regulations, defective components can be readily exchanged by
qualified engineers.
4
Operation
4.1
Controls
Measuring range switch
The multimeter has only one rotary switch by which all the measuring
ranges are selected. The meter can be switched from the direct voltage
ranges to the corresponding alternating voltage ranges, or from the direct
current ranges to the corresponding alternating current ranges, without
switching off the measured value. The measuring circuit is not interrupted
upon switching over the current measuring ranges.
It must be ensured that the measuring range switch is first set to the highest measuring range when measuring voltage and current. The switch then
has to be switched to lower ranges until the optimum deflection is
obtained.
6
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Connection sockets
The meter has 4 connection sockets with shockproof protection.
Their functions are as follows:
Socket „⊥“
= common connection for all measuring ranges
(instrument earth)
Socket „Ω“
= connection for resistance measurement and
capacitance measurement (negative potential)
Socket
„+ 1000 V
Socket
„+ V, A
“
“
= connection for highest DC voltage range 1000 V
= connection for all voltage and current ranges
(apart from the ranges 15 A and 1000 V
The sockets can accommodate the instrument leads with shock protected attaching plugs that can be supplied as well as all measuring
cables with banana plugs (diameter 4 mm).
Potentiometer knob
The rotary knob is used to set the full deflection 0 Ω when measuring
resistance as per chapter 4.5 and capacitance according to chapter 4.6.
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7
4.2
Starting the Instrument
Inserting battery
Bottom half must be removed from the instrument in order to install or
exchange the battery.
!
Attention!
Before opening the apparatus, the instrument leads must be disconnected from the test circuit!
µ
Press the catch on the rear of the apparatus, using a test point, banana plug or similar object, in the direction of the arrow and remove
the lower portion
Place the 1.5 V miniature battery in the battery compartment in accordance with the symbol and pole sign.
µ
!
Attention!
Only use a leak-proof 1.5 V miniature battery according to
IEC R 6!
µ
Place the apparatus in the lower portion of the housing and gently
press the two halves together until they lock into place.
Mechanical zero point check
µ
µ
µ
Place the multimeter flat on the edge of a table. The lower third of the
apparatus should project over the edge.
Check the mechanical zero setting of the pointer.
If necessary, adjust the set screw on the rear of the apparatus with a
screwdriver to correct the setting.
Battery check
µ Set the range switch to the „Ω x 1“ position.
µ Short-circ. connecting sockets „⊥“ and „Ω“ using an instrument lead.
µ Set the pointer to full deflection position 0 Ω using potentiometer knob.
If it is no longer possible to set the full deflection or if the reading does not
remain constant after setting, the miniature battery is spent. Replace as
described above.
8
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4.3
!
Voltage Measurement
Attention!
Whatever the value of the measured voltage, as a safety precaution, do not exceed the sum of 1000 V CAT I; 600 V CAT II;
300 V CAT III for measured voltage plus voltage against earth
when directly connecting up the multimeter!
The left-hand connection socket marked „⊥“ should be connected whenever possible and for all voltage measurements to the point with the lowest potential against earth.
4.3.1 DC and AC Voltage up to 500 V
µ
µ
µ
µ
µ
µ
Set the range switch to the position 500 V or 500 V .
Plug the test leads into the apparatus (black) test lead to socket „⊥“
and (red) lead to socket „+ V, “.
For safety, the test leads with
anti-shock protected attaching
plugs should be used.
Apply the measured voltage to the
test leads. For DC voltage, the
socket „⊥“ must be connected to
the negative pole of the measured
voltage and socket
„+ V, A “ to its positive pole.
If the measured voltage is less than
150 V, set range switch, in the
case of DC voltage, to the lower
Dc voltage ranges and, in the case
of AC voltage, to the lower AC
voltage ranges, proceeding until
optimum deflection is obtained.
Read off the measured value: in the case of DC voltage, on the two
upper scales 0 ... 5 or 0 ... 15 V, A , in that of AC voltage, on the
scales beneath 0 ... 5 or 0 ... 15 V, A .
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9
4.3.2 DC Voltages up to 1000 V
µ
µ
µ
µ
µ
4.4
µ
µ
µ
µ
10
Set range switch to the position
1000/500 V .
Plug test leads into the apparatus;
(black) test lead to socket „⊥“ and
(red) lead to socket „+ 1000 V “.
For safety, the test leads with
anti-shock protected attaching plugs
should be used.
Apply the voltage measured to the
test leads. Socket „⊥“ should be
connected to the negative pole of
the measured voltage and socket
„+ 1000 V “ to the positive pole.
Read the measured value off the
upper scale 0 ... 1000 V
DC and AC current
measurements up to 5 A
Set range switch to the position
5000 mA or 5000 A .
Plug test leads into the apparatus;
(black) test lead to socket „⊥“ and
(red) lead to „+ V, A “.
Disconnect the power supply to the
measuring circuit, and/or the power
consumer (Rv) and discharge all capacitors, if available.
Interrupt the measuring circuit and
safely connect the measuring leads
(without transient resistance!) in series with the power consumer Rv.
Note polarity sign when measuring
direct current! Negative to „⊥“
socket and positive to „+V, A “
socket.
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!
Attention!
The multimeter must always be connected into the lead whose
voltage is the lowest relative to earth. For safety reasons, the
voltage relative to earth must not exceed 1000 V CAT I; 600 V
CAT II; 300 V CAT III! The multimter must never be connected in
the current measuring ranges to a voltage source which can supply a
current higher than the maximum admissible current (see chapter 5). The unit would be immediately destroyed if a current measuring range were connected direct to, for example, a productive
source of current with low voltage, or direct to the 230 V mains.
The operator would then be in great danger!
µ
µ
µ
Connect power supply to measuring circuit again
If the measuring current is less than 500 mA. set the measuring range
switch to lower direct current ranges in the case of direct current, and
to lower alternating current ranges in the case of alternating current,
until the optimum deflection is obtained. The measuring circuit is not
interrupted during switchover!
Read measured value: On the upper scale 0 ... 5 V, A in the case
of direct current, on the third scale from the top 0 ... 5 V, A in the
case of alternating current..
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11
4.5
Resistance measurement
Resistance is measured with direct voltage from the 1.5 V miniature cell used.
The measuring range table in chapter 5
shows the maximum measuring currents
with full deflection and with a battery voltage of 1.5 V.
The polarity on the sockets is as follows:
Positive pole on the socket „⊥“
Negative pole on the socket „Ω“
µ
Set measuring range switch to one
of the measuring ranges Ω x 1 ... Ω
x 1000 according to the measured
value to be anticipated.
Plug measuring leads into the sockets „⊥“ and „Ω“.
Short circuit measuring leads.
Set measuring element needle to full
deflection 0 Ω with potentiometer rotary knob.
The battery must be changed in accordance with chapter 4.2 if the
full deflection can no longer be obtained by adjustment or if the reading does not remain constant after adjustment.
µ
µ
µ
!
Attention!
Connect the resistance Rx to be measured to the measuring
leads.
!
Attention!
Only voltage-free objects must be measured. External voltages
would falsify the measurement resuit. They can also damage or
destroy the unit and endanger the operator!
µ
12
Read the value indicated on the Ω scale and multiply by the factor
corresponding to the measuring range set.
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The measuring range should, as far as possible, be chosen such that a
reading is obtained in the range 5 ... 50. Measurement error, relative to the
actual resistance value, is at a minimum in the centre of the range of
deflection. The full deflection Ω must be occasionally checked during
resistance measurements lasting over a long period of time and, as far as
possible, should always be checked when switching from one resistance
measuring range to another and, when necessary, it must be readjusted.
!
Attention!
Contact resistances on the battery connections can cause inaccurate setting of the full deflection 0 Ω, particularly in the low-resistance measuring ranges. Thus, satisfactory contact must be
ensured by, for example, removing and replacing the battery (see
chapter 4.2)
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13
4.6
Rough measurement of capacitance
Capacitance values can be ascertained in the resistance measuring ranges by rough measurements. The procedure is exactly the same as that
described in the case of resistance measurement in chapter 4.5. The
capacitor to be measured, and which must be previously discharged, is
connected in place of the resistor Rx. On connection of the capacitor, the
needle of the instrument is deflected to a maximum value and then returns
to its starting position (mechanical zero point). The pointer which the
deflection of the needle is reversed is indicative of the capacitance value. It
can be read from the scale 0 ... 5 V, A .The measured value can be
ascertained from the following comparison scale and the capacitance
measurement factor which corresponds to the measuring range set:
Meas. range
Ω x 1000
Ω x 100
Ω x 10
Ωx 1
Factor for
capacity measurement
µF
µF
µF
µF
x
1
x
10
x 100
x 1000
Scale range
2 ...
200 µF
20 ... 2000 µF
200 ... 20000 µF
2000 ... 200000 µF
The capacitor must be discharged again before repeating the measurement!
Example:
Selected meas. range:
Reversal point
of needle:
Capacitance value
ascertained from the
comparison scale:
Multiplied by the
factor for capacitance
measurement:
14
Ω x 100
3.3 on the upper scale 0 ... 5 V, A
50 µF
50 µF x 10 = 500 µF
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4.7
Measurement of amplitude and attenuation
In communications engineering, amplification and attenuation is almost
exclusively given in dB as the logarithm of the ratio of measured voltage to
a defined reference voltage. Thus, in fourpole networks, it is a simple matter to ascertain the total amplification or total attenuation by addition or
subtraction of the individual values. The reference voltage is 0.775 V
(1 mW in 600 Ω); the attenuation at this voltage is 0 dB.
The procedure for the measurement of amplification and attenuation is
exactly the same as that given in chapter 4.3.1 for the measurement of
alternating voltage; however, the measured values are read from the
dB scale.
The range – 15 ... + 6 dB given on the scale corresponds to the alternating voltage measuring range 1,5 V. In the higher voltage measuring ranges
5 V , 15 V , 50 V ... have to be added to the following values:
10 dB, 20 dB, 30 dB ... ; see voltage measuring ranges given in the Table
in chapter 5.
If a direct voltage is superimposed on the alternating voltage to be measured, it can be cut out by means of a suitable capacitor which is to be
connected in series with the measuring input.
The operating voltage of the series capacitor
1
C ≈ ----------------------------- ⋅ µ F
must be at least equal to the peak value of
v
Ri
f
the voltage applied. With an additional error
0,89 ⋅ ---- ⋅ -----of 1% from the measured value, its value can
Hz M Ω
be calculated from the following formula:
in which Ri is the internal resistance of the multimeter in the selected measuring range..
Example:
With a superimposed alternating voltage of 1 kHz a series capacitor
of Cv = 0.0056 µF = 5,6 nF results for the measuring range 50 V .
!
Attention!
The capacitor is charged to the value of the direct voltage component. The charge can assume dangerous values and maintain
them for a long period of time. The capacitor must therefore be
discharged after the measurement!
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15
4.8
Testing of diodes and transistors
The resistance measuring range Ω x 1000 is suitable for making rough
tests of the function of diodes and transistors. A shortcircuit or an interruption of a diode or of a diode path between the base, collector and
emitter of a transistor can be detected in a simple manner by a resistance
measurement (see chapter 4.5). The polarity of a diode and the base terminal of a transistor can be ascertained by means of this test.
!
Attention!
Positive pole is connected to the socket „⊥“ and negative pole is
connected to the socket „Ω“.
The component to be tested is not destroyed during this measurement,
since the voltage does not exceed 1.75 V and the test current does not
exceed 100 µA.
5
Specifications
Measuring ranges
Voltage
0.15 V
0.50 V
1.50 V
5.00 V
15.00 V
50.00 V
150.00 V
500.00 V
1000.00 V
3.15 kΩ
10.00 kΩ
31.50 kΩ
100.00 kΩ
315.00 kΩ
1.00 MΩ
3.15 MΩ
10.00 MΩ
20.00 MΩ
—
—
–15 ... + 6 dB
– 5 ... + 16 dB
+ 5 ... + 26 dB
+15 ... + 36 dB
+25 ... + 46 dB
+35 ... + 56 dB
—
Voltage-related input resistance with
with
16
Internal resistance approx.
Output 1)
:
:
—
—
6.50 kΩ
20.00 kΩ
65.00 kΩ
200.00 kΩ
650.00 kΩ
2.00 MΩ
—
20.0 kΩ/V
4.0 kΩ/V
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Voltage drop approx.
Current
50.00 µA
0.50 mA
5.00 mA
50.00 mA
500.00 mA
5000.00 mA
0.158 V
1.15 V
1.25 V
1.25 V
1.30 V
1.30 V
Resistance
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
1)
2)
Measuring range
1 Ω ... 1 kΩ
10 Ω ... 10 kΩ
100 Ω ... 100 kΩ
1 kΩ ... 1 MΩ
x
1
x
10
x 100
x 1000
0 dB
0.775 V in the range 1.5 V
at battery voltage 1.5 V
Capacity 3)
µF x 1000
µF
x 100
—
1.00
1.25
1.25
1.30
1.30
Value in centre of
scale (Ri)
18.00 Ω
180.00 Ω
1.80 kΩ
18.00 kΩ
; 0 dB
Max. meas. curr.
Imax 2) approx.
83 mA
8.3 mA
0.83 mA
0.083mA
1 mW at 600 Ω
Measuring range
2000 ... 200000 µF
200 ... 20000 µF
µF x
10
20 ...
2000 µF
µF x
3)
V
V
V
V
V
1
2 ...
200 µF
Rough measurement in the resistance measurement ranges;
ascertaining the measured valuesby comparison scale (see chapter 4.6).
Curve shape and its evaluation
Curve shape
with : sine
The meter has half-wave rectification and is calibrated in effective values.
It evaluates the arithmetical mean value of a half-wave and indicates differing values in the case of undulatory voltage or current depending on the
terminal polarity.
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17
Overload capacity
Range
0.15
0.5
1.5
5.0
15.0
50.0
150.0
500.0
1000.0
V—
V—
V—
V—
V—
V—
V—
V—
V—
50.0 µA —
0.5 mA —
5.0 mA —
50.0 mA —
500.0 mA —
5 000.0 mA —
permanently
loadable up to
Range
20 V
50 V
100 V
150 V
250 V
250 V
300 V
600 V
1000 V —
—
—
1.5
5.0
15.0
50.0
150.0
500.0
—
5.0 mA
10.0 mA
30.0 mA
100.0 mA
800.0 mA
3.0 A
5.0 A
max 2 min.
—
0.5 mA
5.0 mA
50.0 mA
500.0 mA
5 000.0 mA
V
V
V
V
V
V
permanently
loadable up to
—
—
25.0 V
50.0 V
150.0 V
250.0 V
300.0 V
600.0 V
—
—
10.0 mA
30.0 mA
100.0 mA
800.0 mA
3.00 A
5.00 A
max 2 min.
Power supply
Battery for resistance
measurement
1 miniature cell 1.5 V to IEC R 6, leakproof
Electrical safety
Protection class
Overvoltage category
Nominal voltage
Test voltage
Contamination level
18
II acc. to IEC 61010/EN 61010-1/
VDE 0411-1
II
III
600 V
300 V
3.7 kV
2
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Mechanical construction
Scale length
Protection type
Dimensions
Weight
6
Maintenance
6.1
A, V – 0 ... 5.0: approx. 83 mm
A, V – 0 ...15.8: approx. 77 mm
A, V 0 ... 5.0: approx. 67 mm
A, V 0 ... 15.8: approx. 59 mm
Ω
∞ ... 0: approx. 52 mm
dB – 15 ... +6: approx. 42 mm
Housing IP 50, connections IP 20 to
EN 60529/VDE 0470 Teil 1
92 x 126 x 45 mm
approx. 0.25 kg without batteries
Battery
The state of the battery should be checked from time to time. A discharged or decomposing battery should not be left in the battery compartment. The battery should be checked and changed in the manner
described in chapter 4.2.
6.2
Housing
No special maintenance is required for the housing. Keep outside surfaces
clean. Use a slightly dampened cloth for cleaning. Avoid the use of cleansers, abrasives or solvents.
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19
7
Repair and Replacement Parts Service
DKD Calibration Lab and Rental Instrument Service
When you need service, please contact:
GOSSEN-METRAWATT GMBH
Service-Center
Thomas-Mann-Straße 16 - 20
90471 Nürnberg, Germany
Phone +49 911 86 02 - 410 / 256
Fax
+49 911 86 02 - 2 53
e-mail fr1.info@gmc-instruments.com
This address is for Germany only.
Abroad, our representatives or establishments are at your disposal.
8
Product Support
When you need support, please contact:
GOSSEN-METRAWATT GMBH
Hotline Produktsupport
Phone +49 911 86 02 - 112
Fax
+49 911 86 02 - 709
Printed in Germany • Subject to change without notice
GOSSEN-METRAWATT GMBH
Thomas-Mann-Str. 16-20
90471 Nürnberg, Germany
Phone +49 911 8602-0
Fax
+49 911 8602-669
e-mail: info@gmc-instruments.com
http://www.gmc-instruments.com