Witam. Pozwolę sobie załączyć instrukcję w języku angielskim do tego miernika ponieważ ta polska (sam taka dostałem przy zakupie) jest bardzo uboga w stosunku do oryginału (wiele nie przetłumaczono) a w dodatku ma błędy (zapewne przy tłumaczeniu) m.in. odnośnie odległości między elektrodami. Dla jasności w zestawie z miernikiem są kable (zielony krótki 1,5metra, zielony długi 5metrów, żółty długi 10metrów, czerwony długi 15metrów) i w polskiej instrukcji jest podane, że pomiędzy każdą elektrodą powinno być 20-30metrów (pomiędzy każdą! nawet w przypadku pomiaru rezystywności gruntu). Więc jak wykonać takie pomiary za pomocą dołączonego okablowania - są wielokrotnie zbyt krótkie - zaraz po zakupie miernika kupić dodatkowo nowe dłuższe kable? Z tego co ja wyczytałem z wersji angielskiej przy pomiarze rezystancji uziomu 3p te 20-30metrów odnosi się do całkowitej odległości pomiędzy badanym uziomem E a najdalej oddaloną sondą prądową. Oczywiście są ścisłe reguły dobrania odległości elektrod i większe odległości czasami są wymagane i pozwalają uzyskać lepszą dokładność. Jeśli ktoś z kolegów ma jakieś uwagi to proszę pisać - na razie jestem początkującym w tym temacie.
DIGITAL EARTH RESISTANCE TESTER
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
MODEL 5300/5300A
Electronic Digital Earth Resistance Tester is direct
replacement of the conventional hand generator
type tester. It is designed for measurement of the
resistance of earthing used in the electrical
equipment as well as for measurement of ground
resistivity. It can be used for measurements of the
other low regular and liquid resistances. It can also
be used for measurement of voltage AC, voltage DC
and resistance.
This instrument finds wide application for testing
earthing installation in power based industries,
telecommunication networks and electrical traction
systems etc.
I. SAFETY INFORMATION
Read the following safety information carefully
before attempting to operate or service the
meter.
To avoid damages to the instrument do not
apply the signals which exceed the maximum
limits shown in the technical specifications
tables.
Do not use the meter or test leads if they look
damaged. Use extreme caution when working
around bare conductors or bus bars.
Accidental contact with the conductor could
result in electric shock.
Use the meter only as specified in this manual;
otherwise, the protection provided by the meter
may be impaired.
Read the operating instructions before use and
follow all safety Information.
Caution when working with voltages above 60V
DC or 30V AC RMS. Such voltages pose a
shock hazard.
Before taking resistance measurements or
testing acoustic continuity, disconnect circuit
from main power supply and all loads from the
circuit.
Safety symbols:
Caution refer to this manual before using the
meter.
Dangerous voltages.
Meter is protected throughout by double
insulation or reinforced insulation.
When servicing, use only specified replacement
parts.
CE Comply with EN-61010-1
II．OPERATING PRINCIPLE
．
The principle used in measuring the earth
resistance is based on simple Ohm’s law. Four
Electrodes E1,P1,P2,E2 are buried in the earth the
resistance of which is to be tested at a distance of
20 meters from each other as shown in Fig.below.
AC signal is applied to electrodes E1 and E2 and
voltage developed across electrodes P1 and P2 due
to flow of current through the earth is measured by
ammeter M. If the current is constant the voltage
measured will be directly proportional to the earth
resistance. To eliminate the error due to other
signals, the meter reading is sampled at the same
frequency as that of the applied signal. Accordingly
the frequency selected is of an odd value around
300 Hz thus eliminating any chances of error due to
harmonics of 50 Hz. The sampling is done by
having a FET across the meter and switching the
Field Effect transistor at the selected frequency only.
The metering is also isolated from DC source.
The maximum value being measured in a range
decides the value of the swamping resistance and
also the series resistance. The function of series
resistance is to ensure that the current through the
earth is kept essentially constant.
Because of very wide coverage of earth resistance
measurement involved, it was not possible to work
with only one value of AC signal without adversely
affecting the power consumption. Hence different
values of AC signal voltage and current are chosen
for different ranges. The AC signals are generated
by built-in inverter.
III. FEATURES
Earth resistance range: 0~1000Ω(5300)
0~2000Ω(5300A)
Display: Large LCD with dual display
Multimeter function Range: 200k Ω , 750VAC,
1000VDC.
Sampling Rate: 2.5 times per second.
Zero Adjustment: Automatic adjustment.
Over Range Indicator: Number 1 of highest digit
is displayed.
Low Battery Indication: The
is displayed
when the battery
Voltage drop below the
operating voltage.
Auto Power Off
To conserve battery life, the meter will automatically
turn off after approx. 15 minutes of non-use. To turn
the meter back on, turn the rotary switch to OFF,
then to the desired function.
Operating Temperature: 0ºC to 40ºC (32ºF to
104ºF)
and Humidity
below 80% RH
Storage Temperature: -10ºC to 60ºC (14ºF to
140ºF)
and Humidity
below 70% RH
Power source:
6x1.5V Size “AA” battery
or Equivalent (DC9V)
Dimensions: 200(L) x 92(W) x 50(H) mm
Weight: Approx 700g include battery
Accessories: 4 sets Test kits, 4pcs iron rods, 6pcs
battery, Carrying case, manual.
IV. Electrical Specifications
Accuracies are specified in the way:
±(…% of reading +…digits) at 23ºC±5ºC,below
80% RH.
Earth resistance
Range
Resolution
Accuracy
10Ω
0.01Ω
+(3%+100d)
100Ω
0.1Ω
+(3%+3d)
1000Ω
1Ω
+(3%+3d)
(Earth resistance for 5300A: 20Ω,200Ω,2000Ω)
OHMS
Range
Resolution
Accuracy
Overload
Protection
200kΩ
0.1kΩ
+(1%+2d)
250Vrms
Range
Resolution
Accuracy
Input
Overload
Impeda
Protection
nce
1000V
1V
+(0.8%+
3d)
10MΩ
1000Vrm
s
DC Voltage
AC Voltage (40Hz~400Hz)
Resolution
1V
V.
+(1.2%+10d)
PARTS & CONTROLS
Digital Display
Data Hold Button
Lock Button
Backlight Button
Test Button
Rotary Function switch
①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦ V Ω E2 Jack
⑧ P2 Jack
⑨ P1 Jack
⑩ COM E1 jack
11, Pothook
12,
Battery Cover
Input
Overload
Impedance
750V
Accuracy
Protection
10MΩ
750Vrms
9
10
3
4
+
AA
AA
TEST
1000
100
+
AA
AA
200k
+
LOCK
CONTINUOUS
+
HOLD
1000V
750V
+
AA
10
+
AA
Button Function Operation
Lock Function
For hands-free operation, use the LOCK feature.
1. With the test leads connected to the
equipment under test, simultaneously press
the TEST and LOCK keys.
2. The LOCK icon”
” will appear on the
display. A beeper will sound every 2 seconds
to indicate that the meter is in Lock mode.
Press the LOCK key to disable the Lock function
and end the test
Hold Function
The hold function freezes the reading in the
display. Press the HOLD key momentarily to
activate or to exit the hold function
Backlight
Press the
key for to turn on the display
backlight function. The backlight will automatically
turn off after 15 seconds.
VI. Measurement of effective resistance of earth
electrodes
1, To find our resistance of earth connection three
terminal method is used.
A current is passed through the plate E(which is
earthing plate) to an auxiliary electrode A(E2) in the
earth at a distance away from plate.
A second auxiliary electrode B(P2) is inserted
between E(E1,P1) & A ( E2), and the potential
difference V between E(E1,P1) and B( E2 )is
measured for a give current I so that the resistance
of earth connection is V/I. The placing of he auxiliary
electrode is however important. Following is the
carve which given a plot of distance of B (E1,P1)
from
E(P2)
verses
measured
resista
When earthing resistance is low, the spacing
between the earth plate and auxiliary electrode may
need to be 20 to 30 meters. The exact value can be
decided by actual experiment. From the above
discussion the principle of measurement is clear.
2, The Digital Earth Resistance Test has four
terminals. If it has to be used for above application
then terminals A and B may be shorted and
connected to the earth connection whose resistance
has to be found.
Terminal C has to be connected to potential spikes
and terminal D to the auxiliary earth as shown in Fig.
Under this condition meter will give the resistance of
the earthing connection and the earth. To avoid
error due to the wire resistance first short the wires
and note down the meter reading. Then connect the
wires to the different electrodes as explained above.
This reading minus the reading with wire shorted
will give actual value of resistance. The distance d1
and d2 may range from 20 to 30 meters depending
upon the soil.
Measurement of ground resistivity
To find out the ground resistivity for preferred
positioning and depth of proposed electrode system
four terminal method is used.
Here four electrodes are buried in the ground at a
distance of 20 to 30 meter apart. These four
electrodes are connected to the A B C D terminals
as shown in Fig. Earth resistivity is calculated
according to the following formula.
=2*π*d*R
Or Ohm meter
=R π(1²-a²)/2a
Where
R – resistance in Ohm ( as measured above)
2b—is distance between current electrode A (E1)
and D (E2).
2d—is distance between potentials electrodes B(P1)
and C(P2).
D – is the distance in between Spikes if spikes are
placed at equal distances.
The result obtained constitute a mean value of
ground resistivity in a area determined usually as a
hemisphere of 21 meter in diameter with its centre
between the earth electrodes.
The mean resistivity refers to a point being under
the centre of this hemisphere at a depth of 0.51.
VII. Operation
To operate the instrument first turn the range
selector switch to 1000 Ohm position. The digital
display will come in action and will read zero.
Connect the test leads to A B C D terminals as per
procedure for testing.
Press the test switch, the LCD display will indicate
the resistance. If the reading is too small the range
selector switch may be turned to 10 Ohm range.
A ‘Lo BAT’ indication will appear on the left upper
side on display, by pressing the test switch if cells
provided require charging adopter to the instrument
and charge it for 12 Hrs. before testing.
After completing the testing, the selector knob
should be turned to off position and digits over the
display will disappear.
Probing
If the measurement of soil resistance described
above repeated from the same measuring point but
with all distances increased, and if the resistance
values thus found are plotted in a chart, conclusions
may be drawn about the stratification of subsoil,
groundwater or certain inclusions. This method is
known as probing.
Plotting
In plotting the electrode distance found
advantageous for probing is maintained while the
measuring spot Is varied. For this purpose the area
to be examined is divided into squares whose side
is the favourable electrode distance obtained(see
Schematic below). The earthing meter is first
connected according to the figure. Measurement is
deflected as described above, and the measured
value plotted. Now earth spike 1 is displaced to 5,
and earthing meter connections are exchanged as
required; we connect 1 to A, 2 to B, 3 to C and 4 to
D. Thus one measurement after another is taken,
and values are plotted. When measuring spots on
line I have been covered, measurements are
repeated in the same way on the second line II,
whose distance from 1 as also d. lines of equal
resistance
graph.
Somewhat
resembling
topographic contour lines. From this, conclusions
about the location of the desired boundary area
between two different soil strata may be drawn.
Measurement of resistance of other objects
Electronic digital resistance tester can also perform
the measurement of resistances up to 1.99 Kilo
Ohms. The object under test is connected as shown
in Fig. and resistance can be directly read over the
meter by pressing the test switch.
Thus the instrument can be used for measurement
of resistance of test leads connecting the earthed
equipment with the earth electrodes, resistors etc.
VIII. DC/AC VOLTAGE MEASUREMENTS
1, Set the function switch to the highest 1000V DC
(
) or 750VAV (~) position.
2, Insert the black test lead banana plug into the
negative COM jack.
3, Insert the red test lead banana plug into the
positive V jack.
4,Touch the black test probe tip to the negative side
of the circuit.
5,Touch the red test probe tip to the positive side of
the circuit.
6,Read the voltage in the display.
DC/AC VOLTAGE MEASUREMENTS: If the polarity
is reversed, the display will show (-) minus before
the value
Ⅸ. 200kΩ RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS
Ω
1, Set the function switch to the highest 200kΩ
Ω
position.
2, Insert the black test lead banana plug into the
negative COM jack
3, Insert the red test lead banana plug into the
positive Ω jack.
4, Touch the test probe tips across the circuit or part
under test. It is best to disconnect one side of the
part under test so the rest of the circuit will not
interfere with the resistance reading.
5, Read the resistance in the display
X. Battery Replacement
1,When the low battery symbol
appears on the
LCD,
the six 1.5V ‘AA’ batteries must be replaced.
2, Turn the meter off and remove the test leads
3, Unsnap the tilt stand from the rear of the meter
4, Remove the four Phillips head screws holding the
battery cover
5, Remove the battery
compartment cover
6, Replace the batteries
observing polarity
7, Affix the rear cover and
secure the screws.
8, Reattach the tilt stand