Witam Do obliczania transformatorów polecam ten program, z za wschodniej granicy. Pozdrawiam Romek
[Frequencies, kHz]
F1 = 25
F2 = 100
F3 = 200
[Flux density, mT]
B1 = 50
B2 = 100
B3 = 200
B4 = 300
[F_25]
B_50 = 1,25
B_100= 8,5
B_200= 58,3
B_300= 180
[F_100]
B_50 = 9
B_100= 60
B_200= 400
B_300= 1213
[F_200]
B_50 = 26,2
B_100= 174
B_200= 1152
B_300= 0
mu = 2300
Br = 0,17
Bmax = 0,3
Bmmax = 0,3
[Frequencies, kHz]
F1 = 25
F2 = 50
F3 = 100
F4 = 200
F5 = 400
[Flux density, mT]
B1 = 50
B2 = 100
B3 = 200
[F_25]
B_50 = 4,3
B_100= 21,7
B_200= 106,6
[F_50]
B_50 = 8,5
B_100= 45
B_200= 224
[F_100]
B_50 = 20
B_100= 107
B_200= 557,5
[F_200]
B_50 = 55,8
B_100= 300
B_200= 1510
[F_400]
B_50 = 173,3
B_100= 856,7
B_200= 4000
mu = 2100
Br = 0,22
Bmax = 0,3
Bmmax = 0,2
[Frequencies, kHz]
F1 = 25
F2 = 50
F3 = 100
F4 = 200
F5 = 300
[Flux density, mT]
B1 = 50
B2 = 100
B3 = 200
[F_25]
B_50 = 1,65
B_100= 7,8
B_200= 44,5
[F_50]
B_50 = 3,44
B_100= 19,4
B_200= 137
[F_100]
B_50 = 8
B_100= 50,6
B_200= 406
[F_200]
B_50 = 30
B_100= 200
B_200= 1057
[F_300]
B_50 = 71,8
B_100= 406
B_200= 2512
mu = 2100
Br = 0,17
Bmax = 0,3
Bmmax = 0,3
[Frequencies, kHz]
F1 = 25
F2 = 50
F3 = 100
F4 = 200
F5 = 300
F6 = 500
F7 = 700
F8 = 1000
[Flux density, mT]
B1 = 25
B2 = 50
B3 = 100
B4 = 200
B5 = 300
[F_25]
B_25 = 0,56
B_50 = 5.66
B_100= 31.5
B_200= 149.7
B_300= 330
[F_50]
B_25 = 1,68
B_50 = 13.31
B_100= 74
B_200= 356
B_300= 796
[F_100]
B_25 = 5.02
B_50 = 33.15
B_100= 186.4
B_200= 885
B_300= 0
[F_200]
B_25 = 14.98
B_50 = 78
B_100= 480
B_200= 2311
B_300= 0
[F_300]
B_25 = 32.6
B_50 = 160
B_100= 883
B_200= 4792
B_300= 0
[F_500]
B_25 = 92.8
B_50 = 436
B_100= 2087
B_200= 0
B_300= 0
[F_700]
B_25 = 189.4
B_50 = 830
B_100= 3832
B_200= 0
B_300= 0
[F_1000]
B_25 = 414.5
B_50 = 1813
B_100= 9522
B_200= 0
B_300= 0
mu = 2000
Hc = 23
Br = 0,181
Bmax = 0,3
Bmmax = 0,3
[Frequencies, kHz]
F1 = 25
F2 = 100
F3 = 200
F4 = 400
F5 = 700
[Flux density, mT]
B1 = 25
B2 = 50
B3 = 100
B4 = 200
B5 = 300
[F_25]
B_25 = 0,35
B_50 = 2,22
B_100= 14,2
B_200= 91,4
B_300= 246
[F_100]
B_25 = 1,7
B_50 = 11,2
B_100= 70,7
B_200= 480
B_300= 1380
[F_200]
B_25 = 6,1
B_50 = 35,3
B_100= 219
B_200= 1362
B_300= 0
[F_400]
B_25 = 26,6
B_50 = 149
B_100= 814
B_200= 0
B_300= 0
[F_700]
B_25 = 132,7
B_50 = 575
B_100= 2800
B_200= 0
B_300= 0
mu = 2000
Br = 0,16
Bmax = 0,3
Bmmax = 0,3
[Frequencies, kHz]
F1 = 25
F2 = 50
F3 = 100
F4 = 200
F5 = 300
F6 = 500
[Flux density, mT]
B1 = 50
B2 = 300
[F_25]
B_50 = 2,5
B_300= 237
[F_50]
B_50 = 5,6
B_300= 506
[F_100]
B_50 = 14,4
B_300= 1273
[F_200]
B_50 = 37
B_300= 3838
[F_300]
B_50 = 78
B_300= 7152
[F_500]
B_50 = 221
B_300= 20150
mu = 2300
Hc = 14,3
Br = 0,1
Bmax = 0,3
Bmmax = 0,3
No more than 100 points
Metrical standard, mm
[Copper diameter]
d1 = 0.063
d2 = 0.071
d3 = 0.08
d4 = 0.09
d5 = 0.1
d6 = 0.112
d7 = 0.125
d8 = 0.14
d9 = 0.15
d10= 0.16
d11= 0.17
d12= 0.18
d13= 0.19
d14= 0.2
d15= 0.21
d16= 0.224
d17= 0.236
d18= 0.25
d19= 0.265
d20= 0.28
d21= 0.3
d22= 0.315
d23= 0.335
d24= 0.355
d25= 0.38
d26= 0.4
d27= 0.425
d28= 0.45
d29= 0.475
d30= 0.5
d31= 0.53
d32= 0.56
d33= 0.6
d34= 0.63
d35= 0.67
d36= 0.71
d37= 0.75
d38= 0.8
d39= 0.85
d40= 0.9
d41= 0.95
d42= 1.0
d43= 1.06
d44= 1.12
d45= 1.18
d46= 1.25
d47= 1.32
d48= 1.4
d49= 1.5
d50= 1.6
d51= 1.7
d52= 1.8
d53= 1.9
d54= 2.0
d55= 2.12
d56= 2.24
d57= 2.36
d58= 2.5
[Diameter with insulation]
diz1 = 0.085
diz2 = 0.095
diz3 = 0.105
diz4 = 0.117
diz5 = 0.129
diz6 = 0.143
diz7 = 0.159
diz8 = 0.176
diz9 = 0.19
diz10= 0.199
diz11= 0.21
diz12= 0.222
diz13= 0.234
diz14= 0.245
diz15= 0.258
diz16= 0.272
diz17= 0.285
diz18= 0.301
diz19= 0.319
diz20= 0.334
diz21= 0.355
diz22= 0.371
diz23= 0.393
diz24= 0.414
diz25= 0.441
diz26= 0.462
diz27= 0.489
diz28= 0.516
diz29= 0.543
diz30= 0.569
diz31= 0.601
diz32= 0.632
diz33= 0.676
diz34= 0.706
diz35= 0.749
diz36= 0.79
diz37= 0.832
diz38= 0.885
diz39= 0.937
diz40= 0.99
diz41= 1.041
diz42= 1.093
diz43= 1.155
diz44= 1.217
diz45= 1.279
diz46= 1.351
diz47= 1.423
diz48= 1.506
diz49= 1.608
diz50= 1.711
diz51= 1.813
diz52= 1.916
diz53= 2.018
diz54= 2.12
diz55= 2.243
diz56= 2.366
diz57= 2.488
diz58= 2.631
[Frequencies, kHz]
F1 = 25
F2 = 50
F3 = 100
F4 = 200
F5 = 300
F6 = 500
F7 = 700
F8 = 1000
[Flux density, mT]
B1 = 25
B2 = 50
B3 = 100
B4 = 200
B5 = 300
[F_25]
B_25 = 0.33
B_50 = 2.2
B_100= 14
B_200= 94.57
B_300= 221.6
[F_50]
B_25 = 0.93
B_50 = 7.22
B_100= 40
B_200= 213.44
B_300= 526.8
[F_100]
B_25 = 2.64
B_50 = 16.48
B_100= 93.97
B_200= 525.55
B_300= 0
[F_200]
B_25 = 7.49
B50 = 35
B_100= 205
B_200= 1310
B_300= 0
[F_300]
B_25 = 16.9
B_50 = 80
B_100= 518.5
B_200= 2733.1
B_300= 0
[F_500]
B_25 = 56
B_50 = 265
B_100= 1291.2
B_200= 0
B_300= 0
[F_700]
B_25 = 114.2
B_50 = 530
B_100= 2497
B_200= 0
B_300= 0
[F_1000]
B_25 = 257.52
B_50 = 1105
B_100= 4394
B_200= 0
B_300= 0
mu = 2200
Hc = 21
Br = 0,167
Bmax = 0,3
Bmmax = 0,3
Íà íåêîòîðûõ ïîëÿõ ââîäà è íà íåêîòîðûõ ðåçóëüòàòàõ ðàñ÷åòà, êîòîðûå íóæäàþòñÿ â êîììåíòàðèÿõ, ðàçìåùåíû âñïëûâàþùèå ïîäñêàçêè.
Ñîäåðæàíèå ýòèõ ïîäñêàçîê ôàêòè÷åñêè ïîâòîðÿåò ïóíêòû ïîìîùè.
1. Ïîòåðè â ñåðäå÷íèêå çàâèñÿò îò ñî÷åòàíèÿ èíäóêöèè è ÷àñòîòû. Ïðè áîëüøîé ÷àñòîòå è áîëüøîé èíäóêöèè ïîòåðè îêàæóòñÿ íà ñòîëüêî áîëüøèìè, ÷òî íàãðåâ ñåðäå÷íèêà ïðåâûñèò ðàçóìíûå ïðåäåëû. Ïîýòîìó ïðîãðàììà ñàìà îãðàíè÷èâàåò ìàêñèìàëüíóþ èíäóêöèþ â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ââåäåííîãî çíà÷åíèÿ ÷àñòîòû.
2. Äëÿ ØÈÌ-êîíòðîëëåðîâ çàäàåòñÿ ÷àñòîòà, ðàâíàÿ ïîëîâèíå ÷àñòîòû çàäàþùåãî ãåíåðàòîðà ìèêðîñõåìû. Èìïóëüñû çàäàþùåãî ãåíåðàòîðà ïîäàþòñÿ íà âûõîäû ïî î÷åðåäè, ïîýòîìó ÷àñòîòà íà êàæäîì âûõîäå (è íà òðàíñôîðìàòîðå) â 2 ðàçà íèæå ÷àñòîòû çàäàþùåãî ãåíåðàòîðà.
Ìèêðîñõåìû IR2153, è ïîäîáíûå åé ýòîãî ñåìåéñòâà ìèêðîñõåì, íå ÿâëÿþòñÿ ØÈÌ-êîíòðîëëåðàìè, è ÷àñòîòà íà èõ âûõîäàõ ðàâíà ÷àñòîòå çàäàþùåãî ãåíåðàòîðà.
Íå ñòîèò ãíàòüñÿ çà áîëüøîé ÷àñòîòîé. Ïðè âûñîêîé ÷àñòîòå óâåëè÷èâàþòñÿ êîììóòàöèîííûå ïîòåðè â òðàíçèñòîðàõ è äèîäàõ. Òàêæå ïðè áîëüøîé ÷àñòîòå èç-çà ìàëîãî ÷èñëà âèòêîâ òîê íàìàãíè÷èâàíèÿ ïîëó÷àåòñÿ ñëèøêîì âåëèê, ÷òî ïðèâîäèò ê áîëüøîìó òîêó õîëîñòîãî õîäà è, ñîîòâåòñòâåííî, íèçêîìó ÊÏÄ.
3. Êîýôôèöèåíò çàïîëíåíèÿ îêíà õàðàêòåðèçóåò, êàêóþ ÷àñòü îêíà ñåðäå÷íèêà çàéìóò âñå îáìîòêè. Äëÿ êîëåö ìîæíî çàäàâàòü áîëüøå, äî 0,4, òàê êàê ó íèõ ïëîùàäü îêíà áîëüøàÿ. Ó Ø-îáðàçíûõ ñåðäå÷íèêîâ ïëîùàäü îêíà îãðàíè÷åíà ñàìèì ñåðäå÷íèêîì è êàðêàñîì. Äëÿ íèõ êîýôôèöèåíò çàïîëíåíèÿ îêíà ìîæåò áûòü â äèàïàçîíå 0,15 - 0,35, â çàâèñèìîñòè îò ðàçìåðà ñåðäå÷íèêà, ìåíüøèå çíà÷åíèÿ ñîîòâåòñòâóþò ìåíüøèì ðàçìåðàì.
4. Ïëîòíîñòü òîêà çàâèñèò îò óñëîâèé îõëàæäåíèÿ è îò ðàçìåðîâ ñåðäå÷íèêà.
Ïðè åñòåñòâåííîì îõëàæäåíèè ñëåäóåò âûáèðàòü 4 - 6 À/ìì2.
Ïðè âåíòèëÿöèè ïëîòíîñòü òîêà ìîæíî âûáðàòü áîëüøå, äî 8 - 10 À/ìì2.
Áîëüøèå çíà÷åíèÿ ïëîòíîñòè òîêà ñîîòâåòñòâóþò ìàëåíüêèì ñåðäå÷íèêàì.
Ïðè ïðèíóäèòåëüíîì îõëàæäåíèè äîïóñòèìàÿ ïëîòíîñòü òîêà çàâèñèò îò èíòåíñèâíîñòè îõëàæäåíèÿ.
5. Åñëè âûáðàíà ñòàáèëèçàöèÿ âûõîäíûõ íàïðÿæåíèé, òî ïåðâûé âûõîä ÿâëÿåòñÿ âåäóùèì. È íà íåãî íàäî íàçíà÷àòü âûõîä ñ íàèáîëüøèì ïîòðåáëåíèåì. Îñòàëüíûå âûõîäû ñ÷èòàþòñÿ ïî ïåðâîìó.
Äëÿ ðåàëüíîé ñòàáèëèçàöèè âñåõ âûõîäîâ ñëåäóåò ïðèìåíÿòü äðîññåëü ãðóïïîâîé ñòàáèëèçàöèè.
6. Ïðè îäíîïîëÿðíîì âûïðÿìëåíèè, íåñìîòðÿ íà áîëüøèé ðàñõîä ìåäè, èìååò ïðåèìóùåñòâî ñõåìà âûïðÿìëåíèÿ ñî ñðåäíåé òî÷êîé, òàê êàê ïîòåðè íà äâóõ äèîäàõ áóäóò â 2 ðàçà ìåíüøå, ÷åì íà ÷åòûðåõ äèîäàõ â ìîñòîâîé ñõåìå.
7. Çàäàíèå ìèíèìàëüíîãî òîêà ïîòðåáëåíèÿ íåîáõîäèìî äëÿ ðàñ÷åòà èíäóêòèâíîñòè äðîññåëÿ.
Ñëèøêîì ìàëåíüêîå çíà÷åíèå íå ñòîèò çàäàâàòü, òàê êàê ìîæåò ïîëó÷èòüñÿ áîëüøàÿ âåëè÷èíà èíäóêòèâíîñòè, è äðîññåëü íà áîëüøóþ èíäóêòèâíîñòü è ìàëåíüêèé ìèíèìàëüíûé òîê áóäåò ïðîáëåìàòè÷íî èçãîòîâèòü, ïîñêîëüêó åùå íóæíî îáåñïå÷èòü, ÷òîáû ñåðäå÷íèê äðîññåëÿ íå âõîäèë â íàñûùåíèå.
8. Äëÿ ïðàâèëüíîé ðàáîòû äðîññåëÿ â âûïðÿìèòåëå ïîñëå äèîäîâ ïåðåä äðîññåëåì íå äîëæíî áûòü íèêàêèõ êîíäåíñàòîðîâ! Äàæå ìàëåíüêîãî íîìèíàëà.
9. Äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ æåëàåìîãî äèàìåòðà ïðîâîäà ïîñòàâüòå ãàëî÷êó " Èñïîëüçîâàòü äèàìåòðû ïðîâîäîâ " .
Ïðåäëàãàþ ñíà÷àëà äàòü ïðîãðàììå ðàññ÷èòàòü äèàìåòðû ïðîâîäîâ è ÷èñëî æèë â îáìîòêàõ, ÷òîáû ïîòîì îïòèìàëüíî çàäàòü äèàìåòðû.
10. Ïðè äîáàâëåíèè ñåðäå÷íèêà â áàçó â ïîëå êîìáèíèðîâàííîãî ñïèñêà ââîäèòñÿ íàçâàíèå íîâîãî ñåðäå÷íèêà.
Íåò íåîáõîäèìîñòè ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíî ïðèïèñûâàòü ê íàçâàíèþ ñåðäå÷íèêà ïðåôèêñ åãî ôîðìû. Ïðåôèêñ ôîðìû ñåðäå÷íèêà äîïèñûâàåòñÿ ïðîãðàììîé àâòîìàòè÷åñêè.
11. Ïðè äîáàâëåíèè íîâîãî ñåðäå÷íèêà â áàçó â ëþáîì ñëó÷àå ëó÷øå ïîëüçîâàòüñÿ ãàëî÷êîé " Äîáàâëåíèå â áàçó (ââîä äàííûõ) " . Äàííûå ñëåäóåò âçÿòü èç äîêóìåíòàöèè ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ.
Ðàñøèôðîâêà îáîçíà÷åíèé äàííûõ:
Ae - ïëîùàäü ñåðäå÷íèêà, ìì2
An - ïëîùàäü îêíà áîáèíû ïîä íàìîòêó, ìì2
le - ñðåäíÿÿ äëèíà ìàãíèòíîé ëèíèè, ìì
Ve - îáúåì, ñì3
 ñëó÷àå îòñóòñòâèÿ â äîêóìåíòàöèè ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ ïëîùàäè îêíà áîáèíû ïîä íàìîòêó, ðàññ÷èòàòü ïëîùàäü îêíà ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíî.
Îáúåì ïðîãðàììà ñ÷èòàåò ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíî. Îáúåì ðàâåí ïðîèçâåäåíèþ ïëîùàäè ñå÷åíèÿ ñåðäå÷íèêà íà äëèíó ñðåäíåé ìàãíèòíîé ëèíèè.
Õîòÿ ÿ ñäåëàë ðàñ÷åò äàííûõ ñåðäå÷íèêà ïî ãåîìåòðè÷åñêèì ðàçìåðàì, ðåçóëüòàòû òàêîãî ðàñ÷åòà ïîëó÷àþòñÿ íå òî÷íûìè, òàê êàê äàííûå îò ïðîèçâîäèòåëåé íåñêîëüêî îòëè÷àþòñÿ îò ïðÿìîãî ðàñ÷åòà ïî ãåîìåòðè÷åñêèì ðàçìåðàì.
12. Ïðè âûáîðå ôîðìû ñåðäå÷íèêà " Äðóãàÿ " äàííûå âçÿòü èç äîêóìåíòàöèè ïðîèçâîäèòåëÿ.
[Frequencies, kHz]
F1 = 100
F2 = 200
F3 = 400
[Flux density, mT]
B1 = 25
B2 = 50
B3 = 100
B4 = 200
B5 = 300
[F_100]
B_25 = 1
B_50 = 6
B_100= 40
B_200= 300
B_300= 1000
[F_200]
B_25 = 2,5
B_50 = 20
B_100= 143
B_200= 1060
B_300= 0
[F_400]
B_25 = 22
B_50 = 112
B_100= 655
B_200= 0
B_300= 0
mu = 3000
Br = 0,12
Bmax = 0,3
Bmmax = 0,3
1. Flux density range is 50-300mT.
The hysteresis losses depend on the combination of the flux density and frequency.
At high frequencies and high flux density the losses will turn out to be so high, that the heating of the core will exceed reasonable limits.
Hence the peak flux density is limited automatically depending on the entered frequency.
2. Frequency range is 25-300 kHz.
We see no reason for DIY to run faster due to higher switching losses and potentially worse EMI performance.
3. The winding fill factor describes what part of the core window is filled by the winding.
The winding fill factor can be in the range of 0.1-0.35, depending on the size of the core, lower values indicate smaller sizes.
4. The current density depends on the cooling conditions and the size of the core.
With natural cooling one should choose 4-6A/mm^2.
If a fan is used, the current density can be set higher, up to 8-10A/mm^2.
Higher current density indicates smaller cores.
With artificial cooling, the allowed current density depends on it's intensity.
5. If regulation is selected, the calculation is made assuming minimal input voltage.
Please note, that feedback is taken from the first output ONLY, so it is better if it will be the rail with the highest load.
To improve the regulation for all rails together, try using the common choke.
6. The minimal current consumption value is necessary for the calculation of the minimal inductance for the output choke.
For instance it can be the bias current of the amp etc.
One should not set the value too low though, because it can result in high inductance. It might be hard to make an inductor for a high inductance, and a low minimal current, because one has to consider not letting the core reach saturation.
7. I suggest to let the program calculate the diameters of the wires and the number of the wires in the windings first to make the best of a given diameter.
8. To add a new core to the database, you have to enter a name.
There is no need to manually add a prefix about it's form, the program does it automatically.
9. When adding a new core to the database, it is better to use the checkbox " Add to database (input data) " . Please take the parameters from the manufacturer's documentation.
The symbols mean the following parameters:
Ae - Effective cross section area, mm2
An - Area of core window, mm2
le - Length of magnetic path, mm
Ve - Volume of the core, cm3
In case the manufacturer's documentation misses the window area of the bobbin for the winding, calculate the area of the window yourself.
The volume of the core calculated by the program. Core volume is the product of cross-sectional area of the core and the length of the average magnetic line.
10. If " Other " is chosen as the form of the core, please take the parameters from the manufacturer's documentation.